This study applies multidimensional data-computing models to the landscape planning and design of traditional villages. Using techniques such as cluster analysis, spatial morphological distribution profiling, and spatial-gene inheritance characterization, it identifies and extracts the key spatial “genes” that define traditional village form and structure. The proposed planning approach is anchored in conserving and transmitting these spatial genes as the foundation for landscape protection and renewal. Using Jiangsu Province as a case study, the research investigates regional differentiation in the spatial genealogy of traditional villages and evaluates the effectiveness of spatial-gene protection in Traditional Village A. Results indicate a clear spatial pattern across Jiangsu: traditional villages are more numerous and more concentrated in the south, and fewer and more dispersed in the north. The shares of traditional villages decrease from southern to central to northern Jiangsu, at 51.69%, 29.44%, and 18.88%, respectively. In addition, Traditional Village A achieves an overall score of 0.86 in landscape planning performance under the spatial-gene conservation and inheritance framework, indicating strong outcomes.